Provided is a solution composition for steel sheet surface treatment, comprising 30 wt % to 60 wt % of a trivalent chromium compound containing chromium phosphate (A) and chromium nitrate (B); 0.2 wt % to 0.4 wt % of a rust-inhibiting and corrosion-resisting agent; 0.1 wt % to 0.3 wt % of a molybdenum-based compound; 5 wt % to 10 wt % of a water-soluble cationic urethane resin; 0.5 wt % to 2.0 wt % of a silane coupling agent; and 27.3 wt % to 64.2 wt % of water, a zinc-based plated steel sheet surface-treated with the same, and a manufacturing method therefor, the zinc-based plated steel sheet surface-treated with the solution composition for steel sheet surface treatment containing trivalent chromium may have an excellent effect on corrosion resistance, blackening resistance, fingerprint resistance, oil resistance, and alkali resistance.