A rubber composition is based on at least: a diene elastomer; a reinforcing inorganic filler; an agent for coupling the reinforcing inorganic filler with the diene elastomer, said coupling agent being an organofunctional silane comprising at least one oligomer of general formula (I), as described in the claims, bearing at least one blocked mercaptosilane unit and at least one mercaptosilane unit, a hydrocarbon-based resin predominantly composed of monomers chosen from the group consisting of cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, methylcyclopentadiene and mixtures thereof, and a crosslinking system. A semi-finished article and a tire may comprise at least one such rubber composition.