A blockchain-based electronic signature method includes: receiving an electronic signature authentication request sent by an electronic signature client, wherein the electronic signature client is bound to one or more legal signature users, and the electronic signature authentication request includes biometric information of a signature user collected by the electronic signature client; in response to the electronic signature authentication request, authenticating whether the signature user is a legal signature user bound to the electronic signature client based on the biometric information; and if yes, returning an authentication result to the electronic signature client, so that the electronic signature client further prompts the signature user to perform an electronic signature operation in response to the authentication result; and receiving an electronic signature submitted by the signature user and collected by the electronic signature client, and publishing the electronic signature to a blockchain.