The present technology relates to a light reception device and a distance measurement module. The light reception device includes an on-chip lens, a wiring layer, and a semiconductor layer between the on-chip lens and the wiring layer. The semiconductor layer includes a first voltage application portion to which a first voltage is applied, a second voltage application portion to which a second voltage different from the first voltage is applied, a first charge detection portion, a second charge detection portion, and a through electrode extending through the semiconductor layer. The light reception device is configured such that a third voltage is applied through the through electrode to a film formed on a face of the semiconductor layer on the on-chip lens side. The present technology can be applied to a light reception device that generates distance information, for example, by a ToF method or the like.