A common voltage compensation circuit and a compensation system for a display panel are provided. A compensation circuit includes a compensating unit configured to receive a common voltage outputted by the display panel; compensate the common voltage according to a compensation coefficient; and output the compensated common voltage to the display panel; and an adjusting unit configured to connect with a controlling unit in a phase of adjusting the display panel; receive an adjustment signal outputted by the controlling unit; and adjust the compensation coefficient of the compensating unit according to the adjustment signal.