A method includes: configuring, by a base station, at least two types of random access resources, where the at least two types of random access resources include a first-type random access resource and a second-type random access resource; and different types of random access resources are in a one-to-one correspondence with different sending beam forms of a terminal; or the first-type random access resource is associated with resources of different downlink signals, and the second-type random access resource is not associated with the resources of the different downlink signals.