Embodiments of the present application provide a resource allocation method and apparatus, for allocating an uplink transmission resource to a terminal device. The method comprises: a terminal device receives a first corresponding relationship and a second corresponding relationship broadcast by a network device, and the first corresponding relationship comprises a corresponding relationship between a value range of channel state information and a grade corresponding to the terminal device, and the second corresponding relationship comprises a corresponding relationship between the grade corresponding to the terminal device and a set of uplink transmission resources; the terminal device determines a value of its channel state information and determines a grade corresponding to the terminal device according to the value of the channel state information of the terminal device and the first corresponding relationship; the terminal device determines, according to the grade of the terminal device and the second corresponding relationship.