The present disclosure discloses an experimental system and method capable of simulating a non-inertial system of gear transmission, and relates to the field of aviation power transmission. The experimental system includes a gear transmission experiment table, a linear motion platform and an electric vibration table. The linear motion platform drives the gear transmission experiment table to perform horizontal linear acceleration motion to simulate a non-inertial system for linear acceleration of gear transmission. The electric vibration table drives the gear transmission experiment table to rotate back and forth around a horizontal shaft to simulate a non-inertial system for pitching of gear transmission. The electric vibration table drives the gear transmission experiment table to rotate back and forth around a vertical shaft to simulate a non-inertial system for yawing of gear transmission.