A component determination system for determining, in a case when a first component to be mounted on a board by a first mounting operation and a second component mounted on the board by a second mounting operation have a particular corresponding relationship, whether a combination of the first component and the second component mounted is permissible, the component determination system including: a first characteristic information acquiring section configured to acquire first characteristic information of the first component for which the first mounting operation has been completed; a second characteristic information acquiring section configured to acquire second characteristic information of the second component prepared prior to the second mounting operation; and a combination determining section configured to determine whether to allow the combination of the first component and the second component based on the acquired first characteristic information and the acquired second characteristic information.