A reciprocating blade apparatus includes a pair of reciprocating blades stacked on one another in a thickness direction. Each of the blades includes a base as a flat plate extending in a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of teeth protruding in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction. A transmission case of the reciprocating blade apparatus also includes a reciprocating member having a joint detachably coupled to the base, the reciprocating member being reciprocably supported in the longitudinal direction. A blade support member is attached to the transmission case and configured to sandwich bases of the pair of reciprocating blades therebetween to allow the pair of reciprocating blades to move in the longitudinal direction. The blade support member holds a space to accommodate the pair of reciprocating blades and is independently attached to the transmission case. The pair of reciprocating blades is detachably attached to the blade support member.