The invention provides a synthetic rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive which has excellent heat resistance and substrate adhesiveness, is capable of inhibiting offset, peeling or the like even in a high-temperature environment and is suitable for applications in a high-temperature environment, a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet and a polishing member laminate. The synthetic rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention contains: a synthetic rubber (A) including a styrene-isoprene block copolymer, an adhesion-imparting resin (B), and a fatty acid ester (C) with a weight reduction rate of 1 wt % or less after being heated at 150° C. for 10 minutes. Based on 100 parts by weight of the synthetic rubber (A), the content of the adhesion-imparting resin (B) is set as α parts by weight to 60 parts by weight, and the content of the fatty acid ester (C) is set as 0.1 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight.