A fault root cause analysis method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: obtaining a first alarm event set, where the first alarm event set includes a plurality of alarm events; for a first alarm event in the first alarm event set, extracting a feature vector of the first alarm event, where a part of or all features of the feature vector are used to represent a relationship between the first alarm event and another alarm event in the first alarm event set; and determining, based on the feature vector of the first alarm event, whether the first alarm event is a root cause alarm event. In this application, whether the first alarm event is the root cause alarm event is determined based on a feature vector of the relationship between the first alarm event and the another alarm event, and the accuracy of fault root cause identification is improved.