A vehicle exterior environment detection apparatus includes a distance image generator, a vehicle detector, a search processor, a vehicle width calculator, and a predictor. The distance image generator generates a plurality of distance images including a first distance image, a second distance image, and a third distance image, on a basis of a plurality of stereo images including a first stereo image, a second stereo image, and a third stereo image each including a left image and a right image. The predictor predicts a position of a target vehicle in the left image and the right image included in the third stereo image, on a basis of a first vehicle image width calculated on a basis of the first distance image and a second vehicle image width calculated on a basis of a selected image of the second stereo image.