Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for contact-free heart rate monitoring and/or measurement are provided. One method may include receiving video(s) that include visual frame(s) of individual s) performing exercises, detecting some exposed skin from the video(s), and performing motion compensation to generate color signals for the exposed skin to precisely align frames of the exposed skin. The method may also include generating the color signals by estimating a skin color for each frame by taking a spatial average over pixels of a cheek of the face(s) for R, G, and B channels, respectively, applying an operation to remove remaining motion traces from the frames such that the heart rate traces dominate, and extracting and/or outputting the heart rate of the individuals using a frequency estimator of the skin color signals.