A method and apparatus for obtaining a privacy set intersection are provided. The method may include: encrypting a privacy set of an intersection initiator by using a homomorphic encryption algorithm to generate a cipher text, a cipher text function, a public key, and a private key of the intersection initiator; delivering the cipher text, the cipher text function, and the public key of the intersection initiator to an intersection server; receiving a to-be-decrypted function value of a privacy set of the intersection server from the intersection server; and decrypting the to-be-decrypted function value of the privacy set of the intersection initiator by using the private key, to obtain an intersection element of the privacy set of the intersection initiator and the privacy set of the intersection server.