Disclosed is a system for executing a data access transaction. The system comprises a server arrangement, the server arrangement being communicably coupled with at least one requesting device and at least one responding device. The server arrangement is configured to receive from a requesting device and a responding device, a first data and a second data respectively, wherein the first data and the second data are encrypted and temporally defined. Further, the server arrangement receives from the requesting device a metadata of the first data, wherein the metadata is encrypted by the requesting device, determines an encrypted association score by comparing the first data and the second data, wherein the encrypted association score is based on a temporally defined dynamic evaluation component, wherein the temporally defined dynamic evaluation component includes a causality measure, wherein the causality measure is able to identify and exclude spurious correlations between the first data and the second data and provides the encrypted association score to the requesting device and the responding device, wherein each of the requesting device and the responding device partially decrypt the encrypted association score. Further, the server arrangement obtains the partial decryption of the encrypted association score from the responding device and provide the partial decryption to the requesting device, wherein the requesting device fully decrypts the encrypted association score using the partial decryption obtained from the responding device and enables the requesting device to access the second data from the responding device, upon receiving a request for the access to the second data.