A laser descaling device and process includes a first laser sending a ray to the product to be descaled, reflected rays being intercepted by sensors that send collected information into a processing unit that calculates the absorption of the ray by the surface of the product, deduces the emissivity of the oxidized surface in the direction of the reflected rays, and correlates this emissivity with reference information prerecorded inside the processing unit; a second laser sends a ray onto the surface of the product, the spots of the rays covering the entire surface to be descaled, the second laser being controlled by a control unit receiving information provided by the processing unit making it possible to determine the operating parameters to be imposed on the second laser to obtain the descaling of the surface of the product, compared with experimental results prerecorded in the control unit.