Provided is a soundproof structure that is small and light and can sufficiently reduce noise with a high natural frequency of a sound source. There is provided a soundproof structure including a frame having an opening, and at least one membrane-like member fixed to an opening surface where the opening of the frame is formed, in which a rear surface space is formed to be surrounded by the frame and the membrane-like member, and a sound is absorbed due to vibration of the membrane-like member, and a sound absorption coefficient of the vibration of the membrane-like member at a frequency in at least one high-order vibration mode existing at frequencies of 1 kHz or higher is higher than a sound absorption coefficient at a frequency in a fundamental vibration mode.