The present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating respiratory diseases and a food composition for preventing or relieving respiratory diseases comprising as an active ingredient two or more mixed extracts selected from the group consisting of a Brassicae Semen extract, an Adenophorae Radix extract, a Lonicerae Folium extract and a Perillae Semen extract. A composition comprising mixed extracts of Brassicae Semen, Adenophorae Radix, Lonicerae Folium and Perillae Semen of the present disclosure has an advantage of preventing respiratory diseases and relieving the symptoms of respiratory diseases, restores damages in the lung tissue, inhibits aging action and inflammation induced by inflammation-inducing substances such as fine dust, and has an excellent antioxidant effect. More particularly, the composition of the present disclosure increases the expression of a telomerase which extends the length of a telomere.