Embodiments relate to a computer system, computer program product, and method to prevent unauthorized file dissemination and replication. A file parameter is defined, with the defined file parameter including a file dissemination characteristic. The file is encoded with the defined file parameter as file metadata. Dissemination and replication of the file is managed responsive to the encoded file parameter. The defined parameter is assessed along with a physical replication destination. The file is selectively replicated or transmitted responsive to the file parameter and the destination assessment.