A method for monitoring a medical device (DM) available to a patient (P), the medical device (DM) including a communication terminal (T) implementing software functionalities (f1, f2, f3) for accompanying the patient (P) in a predetermined therapeutic treatment, the method including: —a step (S1) of receiving the current data (DC) on execution of the software functionalities (f1, f2, f3) coming from the medical device (DM), —a step (S2) of testing the current data (DC) by comparison with reference data (DR) according to at least one predetermined vigilance rule (R) associated with a risk for the patient, and —a step (S3) of sending a vigilance message (M1) when such a risk is identified.