A method for organizing a data transmission network relates to information technologies and is intended to create an information transmission network between two or more points at a distance. The technical result of the claimed solution is a simplification in structure and a reduction in build time and the cost of network usage. The method is built on a node indexing algorithm based on a minimum number of packet retransmissions from modem to node. The method allows the use of a plurality of optionally moveable modems in a network and the use of wired and wireless networks, does not require the presence of a powerful base station, does not require additional time for rebuilding a network when signal transmission conditions are changed or when the number of nodes in a network is changed, allows a network structure to be built and the built structure to be further optimized, and does not require the nodes to store information about the network environment, which substantially lowers the cost of the solution.