A transaction data processing method includes: receiving a first transaction document from a device of a transaction initiator, the first transaction document being associated with identity labels of a plurality of transaction participants; separately performing identity authentication on the plurality of transaction participants according to the identity labels of the plurality of transaction participants, to obtain an identity authentication result. The method also includes adding the identity authentication result into the first transaction document when the identity authentication results indicates identity authentication of each of the plurality of transaction participants is successful, to generate a second transaction document carrying the identity authentication result; separately transmitting a signature request for the second transaction document to devices of the plurality of transaction participants; and generating a third transaction document according to responses returned by the devices of the plurality of transaction participants in response to the signature request.