A driving risk assessment and control decision-making method for an autonomous vehicle includes: detecting the surrounding state of the vehicle multiple times to generate multiple sensing signals; quantifying the sensing signals to generate multiple sensing values and calculating a sensing average value of the sensing values; calculating a sensing error value between each sensing value and the sensing average value, a sensing error average value of sensing error values and a sensing error variation value; integrating the sensing error average value, the sensing error variation value and a sensor systematic error average value and a sensor systematic error variation value to generate a sensing signal correction value; combining the sensing values and the sensing signal correction value to generate multiple sensing signal reference values; judging whether a stability of the sensing signal reference values falls within a preset range; generating a control mechanism based on the judgement.