Provided is a resin composition for an acoustic matching layer, the resin composition including metal particles (A), an epoxy resin (B), a polythiol compound (C), and a cure-accelerating compound (D). The epoxy resin (B) includes at least one epoxy resin selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A epoxy resins, bisphenol F epoxy resins, and phenol novolac epoxy resins, and the polythiol compound (C) includes a compound having at least two specific partial structures. Also provided are a cured product formed of the composition, an acoustic matching sheet, an acoustic probe, an acoustic measuring apparatus, and a method for producing an acoustic probe. Further provided is an acoustic matching layer material set suitable for preparation of the composition.