An OPA-based laser radar transceiver antenna and a distance measurement method; the OPA-based laser radar transceiver antenna comprises a distance measurement module based on a single-point transceiver, a signal processing module, a central controller and a laser driving module; the laser driving module and the signal processing module are both connected to the central controller. The distance measurement module comprises a single-point transmitting unit and a single-point receiving unit; the laser driving module drives the single-point transmitting unit to emit a light beam, and controls the light signal transmission direction of the light beam; the single-point receiving unit receives the light signal reflected by a detected object and transmits same to the signal processing module for processing so as to calculate the displacement of the detected object. The single-point transmitting unit and the single-point receiving unit can be a transmissive OPA and can also be a reflective OPA; the central point of the emitted light and the received light can be on the same optical axis or can be on different optical axes, such that the design of the transceiver antenna of the laser radar system achieves solid-state imaging scanning, providing the advantages of low cost, high signal-to-noise ratio, etc.