A deep learning-based method for calculating an overhang of a battery includes the following steps: obtaining a training sample image set; training a neural network according to the training sample image set to obtain a segmentation network model; detecting an object detection image of the battery to be detected according to the segmentation network model to obtain a corresponding first binarized image; obtaining top coordinates of each of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery to be detected according to the first binarized image; and calculating the overhang of the battery to be detected according to the top coordinates.