A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: shifting point cloud data indicating three-dimensional positions in a three-dimensional space by a first shift amount; dividing the point cloud data into pieces of sub point cloud data; shifting each of the pieces of sub point cloud data by a second shift amount based on a position of one of the subspaces that includes the sub point cloud data, the pieces of sub point cloud data being included in the point cloud data shifted by the first shift amount; and encoding the pieces of sub point cloud data shifted, to generate a bitstream. The bitstream includes first shift information for calculating the first shift amount, and pieces of second shift information each for calculating a corresponding one of second shift amounts by which the pieces of sub point cloud data are shifted and each of which is the second shift amount.