There are provided a carbodiimide compound excellent in storage stability, and performance as a crosslinking agent, and a method for producing the same, and a resin composition excellent in the film forming properties and solvent resistance of a coating made at low temperature. A polycarbodiimide compound derived from an aliphatic diisocyanate compound having at least one primary isocyanate group, the polycarbodiimide compound having a structure in which all ends are capped with an organic compound having a functional group that reacts with an isocyanate group, carbodiimide group concentration A (%) and weight average molecular weight Mw satisfying the following formula (1), and a resin composition comprising the carbodiimide compound and an aqueous resin having a predetermined acid value at a predetermined ratio. (A/Mw)×1000≥0.55  (1).