Assessing a consumer's risk of harms related to a data breach includes determining, for the particular data breach, a data breach score, referred to as a Breach Clarity™ (BC) score, indicative of the risk of harm related to the particular breach. A data structure pairs a breached information element with at least one potential harm. Algorithms assign a harm risk score to the harm, determine an element risk score for the information element-harm pair, and determine a BC score using the harm risk and element risk scores, and an exposure rating. The BC score can be modified by a scaling algorithm to generate a relative BC score. The system identifies and rank orders mitigation actions for the breach and outputs these with the BC score to the consumer. A consumer's demographic and/or behavioral characteristics can be factored into the exposure rating and ranking of the mitigation actions.