The present disclosure provides a method of forming a capacitor array and a semiconductor structure. The method of forming a capacitor array includes: providing a substrate, the substrate including an array region and a non-array region, wherein a base layer and a dielectric layer are formed in the substrate, and a first barrier layer is formed between the base layer and the dielectric layer; forming, on a surface of the dielectric layer, a first array definition layer and a second array definition layer respectively corresponding to the array region and the non-array region; forming a pattern transfer layer on a surface of each of the first array definition layer and the second array definition layer; patterning the dielectric layer and the second array definition layer by using the pattern transfer layer as a mask, and forming a capacitor array located in the array region.