A novel maize variety designated 1PNCU10 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant comprise crossing maize variety 1PNCU10 with another maize plant are provided. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into 1PNCU10 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby are provided. Hybrid maize seed, plants or plant parts are produced by crossing the variety 1PNCU10 or a locus conversion of 1PNCU10 with another maize variety.