A convolutional neural network, and a processing method, a processing device, a processing system and a medium for the same. The method includes: using an activation recorder layer as an activation function layer in the convolutional neural network, wherein in response to that a probe image with contents is inputted to the convolutional neural network, the activation recorder layer performs an activation operation the same as the activation function layer does and records an activation result of the activation operation; modifying the convolutional neural network, wherein step of modifying includes replacing the activation recorder layer with a hidden layer that uses the recorded activation result; and inputting an analysis image to the modified convolutional neural network as an input image, so as to output an output image of the modified convolutional neural network, thereby analyzing a forward effect or a backward effect between the input image and the output image, the analysis image being a pixel-level binary image.