An information processing apparatus 10 includes an acceptance unit 12, a formal language generation unit 14, an inference unit 16, and an update unit 18. The formal language generation unit 14 generates training expressions in a formal language based on parameters prepared in advance and pieces of text accepted by the acceptance unit 12. The inference unit 16 executes at least one inference out of deductive inference and abduction on the above training expressions using a knowledge base prepared in advance. The update unit 18 compares an inference result of the inference unit 16 with a model answer input in advance, and updates parameters such that an inference result that matches the model answer is likely to be obtained through inference performed by the inference unit 16.