An image detection device includes: a liquid resonant lens system whose focal point is cyclically changed; an image detector configured to detect an image of an object through the lens system; a pulsed illuminator configured to provide pulsed illumination to the object in synchronization with the focal point; and an illumination controller configured to control the pulsed illuminator, in which the pulsed illuminator includes a main illumination section and a supplementary illumination section, and the illumination controller is configured to provide pulsed illumination to the object with the main illumination section and supplement illuminance on the object with the supplementary illumination section when the illuminance on the object by the main illumination section is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold.