A carbon dioxide capture system includes a first capture tank containing carbon dioxide absorbent material which operates to absorb carbon dioxide from a flow of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. A heat exchange loop is in heat exchange communication with the first capture tank and further in heat exchange communication with one of the flow of exhaust gas or a flow of engine coolant from the internal combustion engine. A heat exchange fluid is operable to flow through the heat exchange loop. The heat exchange fluid operates to transfer heat from the exhaust gas or the engine coolant to the first capture tank. The heat from the exhaust gas or the engine coolant operates to release a portion of the carbon dioxide absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbent material in the first capture tank.