A method for encoding or decoding at least one image, an image being split into blocks of elements. The method includes, for at least one block: splitting the block into at least two areas; and processing at least one of the areas. The processing includes scanning the elements of the area according to a predetermined scanning order, and for at least one scanned element, called a current element: selecting at least one predictor element previously encoded or decoded according to a prediction function; and predicting the current element: from the at least one predictor element, if the at least one predictor element belongs to the area; or from at least one replacement value, otherwise.