A fire extinguishing system for a tire of a vehicle is capable of effectively responding to a fire in all tire areas of the vehicle, and of spraying fire extinguishing agent selectively only for the tire having the fire, thereby performing effective fire extinguishing. The fire extinguishing system includes: a fire detection sensor configured to detect the fire in the tire of the vehicle; a fire control unit configured to receive a signal output from the fire detection sensor and to output a control signal for spraying fire extinguishing agent when the fire control unit determines a fire occurrence; and a plurality of fire extinguishing agent sprayers configured to spray the fire extinguishing agent toward the tire having the fire according to the control signal output by the fire control unit, in a state of being filled with the fire extinguishing agent therein.