A beam-column node structure of the steel prefabricated building is provided. The structure includes inner sleeves and driving components. The inner sleeves are slidably embedded in the transverse sleeves of the cross beam or node member; the driving components are used to drive the inner sleeves to move from one of the cross beams and the transverse sleeves embedded with the inner sleeves to the other. The inner sleeves are partly located in the crossbeams and partly in the lateral sleeves, and then the internal connection between the crossbeams and the lateral sleeves can be realized by the fasteners.