The present disclosure provides a weaving method of a weft-backed jacquard fabric with color shading effects and belongs to the technical field of weaving methods. In a single-warp and double-weft structure with a weft yarn arrangement ratio of Wefts A and Wefts B of 2:1, by designing two groups of face weaves and backing weaves and corresponding backed points and using a shaded strengthening method, two color shading effects of color shading of the Wefts A and mixed color shading of the Wefts A and the Wefts B of the fabric are achieved. A maximum number of shaded weaves is [R/N(6R−2J2−J1−3)+2], and a grade number of shaded color is less than or equal to the maximum number of the shaded weaves. The designed fabric meets the covering requirements and can be mass produced.