In a data processing method that based on an instant messaging application and which is performed by a data processing device, audio data from an instant messaging application is obtained, and sampled volume data corresponding to the audio data is obtained based on a sampling frequency. A spectrogram corresponding to the audio data is generated according to the audio data and the sampled volume data, and a message bar comprising the spectrogram and the audio data is outputted. Audio progress control is then performed on the audio data in response to a target trigger operation on the message bar, and display control is performed on the spectrogram based on an audio progress.