The present invention relates to systems and methods for improving the accuracy of disease diagnosis and to associated diagnostic tests involving the correlation of measured analytes with binary outcomes (e.g., not-disease or disease), as well as higher-order outcomes (e.g., one of several phases of a disease). Methods of the present invention use biomarker sets, preferably those with orthogonal functionality, to obtain concentration and proximity score values for disease and non-disease states. The biomarker set's proximity scores are graphed on an orthogonal grid, with one dimension for each biomarker. The proximity scores and orthogonal gridding is then used to calculate a disease state or non-disease state diagnosis for the patient.