A carbon fiber reinforced plastic structure has a low surface roughness and has reduced deformation due to residual stress, changes in temperature, etc., and a processing apparatus that uses the structure, are disclosed. The carbon fiber reinforced plastic structure (CFRP structure) includes a carbon fiber reinforced plastic member (CFRP member), and a resin layer formed on a first surface of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic member, the resin layer including an opposite surface that is opposite to a surface facing the first surface, the opposite surface having a surface roughness that is less than a surface roughness of the first surface of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic member.