A random access method for a terminal includes: receiving a system message broadcasted by a target base station and initiating random access to the target base station; in response to a failure of the random access, determining a first operator to which the target base station belongs based on a first PLMN identity in the plurality of PLMN identities; and in response to a second operator, to which the terminal belongs, being different from the first operator, stopping a random access retry to the target base station and initiating random access to other base station except the target base station. The system message includes a plurality of public land mobile network (PLMN) identities with an order relationship.