A flow nanoparticle measurement device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a flow cell configured to form a flow path through which a liquid sample flows, a laser generator configured to generate a first laser beam and irradiate the first laser beam to the flow cell, a plurality of detectors disposed in the flow cell and configured to detect a shock wave of a plasma generated in the flow cell by the first laser beam and generate a detection signal, and a controller configured to obtain the detection signal from the plurality of detectors and determine a type and a size of nanoparticles contained in the liquid sample in response to the detection signal.