A detection system is adapted to perform methods for detecting defects in medical devices, during a reprocessing procedure, for example. The detection system may utilize computer-implemented instructions to determine the presence and nature of the defects, whether biological or mechanical, for example. The computer-implemented instructions may be adapted to include artificial intelligence and/or machine learning algorithms, and to process image data from digital inspection camera systems or proprietary camera systems. Upon identification of a defect present in a medical device, the detection system may notify users of the presence of the defect, as well as provide further recommended action to be taken regarding the medical device, if desirable, reducing potential instrument failure, patient injury or death. The disclosed detection system may be integrated into existing disinfection and sterilization systems currently used in medical facilities, such as hospitals and surgery centers, for example.