Systems and methods for continuous insect pupae sensing are described. One example method includes receiving a flow at a singulator, the flow comprising one or more insect pupae; singulating the insect pupae into a single-file flow of insect pupae; sensing, using a sensor, insect pupae within the single-file flow of insect pupae; and incrementing a counter based on each sensed insect pupae in the single-file flow of insect pupae. One example system includes a channel defining a flow path for a flow of insect pupae; a singulator positioned within the flow path and arranged to receive the flow of insect pupae within the channel, the singulator configured to singulate the insect pupae into a single-file flow of insect pupae; a sensor positioned and arranged to sense insect pupae in the single-file flow; and a processor in communication with the sensor and a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the processor configured to execute processor-executable instructions stored in the non-transitory computer-readable medium to receive sensor signals from the sensor; and count a number of insect pupae based on the received sensor signals.