A fully automatic peanuts peeling robot for seeds retention and a method using the same are provided. The robot includes a processing mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a screening mechanism. The processing mechanism includes an aluminum profile support bracket, a bracket assembly, a conveyor belt device, and a conversion device, a sensor device and a cut-off device; the aluminum profile support bracket is fixedly connected to the bracket assembly; the bracket assembly includes a first bracket assembly, a second bracket assembly, and a third bracket assembly; and the aluminum profile support bracket is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt device; the conveyor belt device includes a first conveyor belt assembly, a second conveyor belt assembly, and a third conveyor belt assembly; the conveyor belt device is fixedly connected to the conversion device.