A sampling capsule is provided. The sampling capsule includes an enclosure, a sampling assembly, a sample drawing assembly and a control module. The sampling assembly includes a sample chamber arranged in the enclosure, an outer sampling port on the enclosure, a sampling tube connecting the outer sampling port and the sample chamber, and a sampling switch for opening or closing the connecting tube. The sample drawing assembly includes a sample drawing port on the enclosure and connected to the sample chamber, and a silicone plug fitted in the sample discharging port. The control module includes a microprocessor communicating with the sampling switch.