A system, program product, and method are provided for leveraging cognitive systems and a digital twin computing system for facility evacuation, and, more specifically, to leveraging a trained cognitive system to automatically facilitate executing an effective evacuation during an emergency through a digital twin of the affected facility structure and digital twins of the evacuees. Digital twins for a structure and each occupant thereof are created through machine learning techniques. Environmental measurements representative of environmental conditions within a structure are collected. The structural digital twin predicts potential environmental conditions adverse to occupants within the structure. Evacuation routes for the occupants are determined and atmosphere pressures within the evacuation routes are modulated, thereby reducing the severity of the adverse environmental conditions within the evacuation routes to facilitate the evacuation of the occupants from the structure.